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MATERNAL EXPOSURE TO DOMESTIC HAIR COSMETICS
AND OCCUPATIONAL ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS
IS ASSOCIATED WITH A HIGHER RISK OF HYPOSPADIAS
IN THE OFFSPRING
Elodie HARAUX
1
, Karine BRAUN
2
, Philippe BUISSON
3
, Xavier DELFORGE
3
,
Camille DEVAUCHELLE
4
, Mounia HAMZY
3
, Jannick RICARD
3
,
Bernard BOUDAILLIEZ
5
, Pierre TOURNEUX
6
and Karen CHARDON
7
1) NCHU Amiens, Department of Paediatric surgery and PériTox-INERIS Laboratory, Jules Verne University of Picardy,
Amiens, FRANCE - 2) NCHU Amiens, Department of Paediatrics, Amiens, FRANCE - 3) NCHU Amiens, Department
of Paediatric surgery, Amiens, FRANCE - 4) Creil hospital, Department of Paediatrics, Creil, FRANCE - 5) NCHU
Amiens, Amiens, FRANCE - 6) NCHU Amiens, Department of Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Amiens, FRANCE -
7) Jules Verne University of Picardy, PériTox-INERIS Laboratory, Amiens, FRANCE
PURPOSE
Pregnant women are exposed to various chemical products at home and at work. Some of these
products contain endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) such as cosmetics, pesticides, industrial
chemicals, heavy metals, plastics or medications and could alter sexual differentiation and increase
the risk of hypospadias. We evaluated maternal occupational and household exposures that could
constitute risk factors for hypospadias.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
From 2011 to 2014, we enrolled 57 full-term newborns with hypospadias and 3 randomly selected
controls per case (162) matched on gestational age from 11 maternity units in Picardy, France.
Neonatal and parental data were collected at birth (personal characteristics, maternal lifestyle and
medical history). Maternal occupational exposure was assessed by a job-exposure matrix for EDCs
from a job history questionnaire completed by mothers. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence
intervals were calculated with univariate and multivariable logistic regression, and adjusted for
relevant covariates.
RESULTS
Multivariate analysis showed a strong association between hypospadias and potential maternal
occupational exposure to EDCs and maternal household use of hair cosmetics (OR 3.6 (1.4-9.3);
OR 5.5 (1.0-30.4), respectively).
CONCLUSIONS
This study suggests that maternal occupational exposure to EDCs is a risk factor for hypospadias
and suggests a possible influence of household use of hair cosmetics during early pregnancy on the
incidence of hypospadias in the offspring. A larger study with more accurate exposure assessment
should evaluate the impact of EDCs in hair cosmetics on the incidence of hypospadias.